Neoliberalism · Work

Neoliberalism

Work

Fig. 1. The spectre of Death, in the form of a large skeleton, rises with the smoke and flames of the burning Asch Building during the Triangle fire, as people jump and fall to their death. Artist unknown, from International Ladies Garment Workers Union Photographs (1885-1985) at The Kheel Center for Labor-Management Documentation and Archives, via Wikimedia Commons, CC BY 2.0.

Fig. 2. Yeah, this was me. The sign says, “If you’re whining about a labor shortage, STOP ignoring my job applications!” And the QR-code leads here. Photograph by author, January 16, 2023.

See also:

• Revised MIT Study Says Uber, Lyft Drivers Make About $8 or $10 per Hour
• A record 3.3 million Americans filed for unemployment benefits as the coronavirus slams economy
• How Did Economists Get It So Wrong?
• Why the World Is Short of Computer Chips, and Why It Matters
• Human science · Quantitative · Artificial idiocy

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Ari Rabin-Havt, “Wal-Mart flunks its fact-check: The truth behind its sarcastic response to the Times,” Salon, June 25, 2014, https://www.salon.com/control/2014/06/25/walmart_flunks_its_fact_check_the_truth_behind_its_sarcastic_response_to_the_times/

Steven Greenhouse, “The Changing Face of Temporary Employment,” New York Times, August 31, 2014, http://www.nytimes.com/2014/09/01/upshot/the-changing-face-of-temporary-employment.html

Nathaniel Mott, “From Amazon warehouse workers to Google bus drivers, it’s tough working a non-tech job at a tech company,” Pando, October 9, 2014, https://pando.com/2014/10/09/from-amazon-warehouse-workers-to-google-bus-drivers-its-tough-working-a-non-tech-job-at-a-tech-company/

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Sven Beckert, “Slavery and Capitalism,” Chronicle of Higher Education, December 12, 2014, https://www.chronicle.com/article/SlaveryCapitalism/150787/

Danielle Kurtzleben, “Read McDonald’s workers’ shocking harassment and discrimination complaints — and why they’re so important,” Vox, January 22, 2015, https://www.vox.com/2015/1/22/7873661/mcdonalds-lawsuit-harassment-discrimination

Paul Jaskunas, “The Tyranny of the Forced Smile,” New York Times, February 14, 2015, http://www.nytimes.com/2015/02/15/jobs/the-tyranny-of-the-forced-smile.html

Lindsay Wise, “Report: Temp jobs at all-time high in U.S.,” McClatchy, September 2, 2014, https://www.mcclatchydc.com/news/nation-world/national/economy/article24772543.html

Kate Gibson, “Minimum wage doesn’t cover the rent anywhere in the U.S.,” CBS News, June 14, 2018, https://www.cbsnews.com/news/minimum-wage-doesnt-cover-the-rent-anywhere-in-the-u-s/

Colin Lecher, “How Amazon automatically tracks and fires warehouse workers for ‘productivity,’” Verge, April 25, 2019, https://www.theverge.com/2019/4/25/18516004/amazon-warehouse-fulfillment-centers-productivity-firing-terminations

Richard V. Reeves, “Capitalism is failing. People want a job with a decent wage – why is that so hard?” Brookings, April 29, 2019, https://www.brookings.edu/opinions/capitalism-is-failing-people-want-a-job-with-a-decent-wage-why-is-that-so-hard/

Neel Kashkari, “Unemployment Isn’t What It Used to Be,” Wall Street Journal, May 9, 2019, https://www.wsj.com/articles/unemployment-isnt-what-it-used-to-be-11557442825

John Cassidy, “Why Socialism Is Back,” New Yorker, June 18, 2019, https://www.newyorker.com/news/our-columnists/why-socialism-is-back

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Casey Newton, “Bodies in Seats,” Verge, June 19, 2019, https://www.theverge.com/2019/6/19/18681845/facebook-moderator-interviews-video-trauma-ptsd-cognizant-tampa

Julia Carrie Wong, “‘A white-collar sweatshop’: Google Assistant contractors allege wage theft,” Guardian, June 25, 2019, https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2019/may/28/a-white-collar-sweatshop-google-assistant-contractors-allege-wage-theft

Johana Bhuiyan, “Amazon ends practice of dipping into drivers’ tips to meet their wage guarantees,” Los Angeles Times, August 22, 2019, https://www.latimes.com/business/technology/story/2019-08-22/amazon-flex-fares-tips

Taylor Telford, “Income inequality in America is the highest it’s been since census started tracking it, data shows,” Washington Post, September 26, 2019, https://www.washingtonpost.com/business/2019/09/26/income-inequality-america-highest-its-been-since-census-started-tracking-it-data-show/

Charles Duhigg, “Is Amazon Unstoppable?” New Yorker, October 10, 2019, https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2019/10/21/is-amazon-unstoppable

Patricia Cohen, “Lots of Job Hunting, but No Job, Despite Low Unemployment,” New York Times, November 1, 2019, https://www.nytimes.com/2019/10/31/business/economy/long-term-unemployed.html

Nicole Goodkind, “Prisoners Are Fighting California’s Wildfires on the Front Lines, But Getting Little in Return,” Fortune, November 1, 2019, https://fortune.com/2019/11/01/california-prisoners-fighting-wildfires/

Jamelle Bouie, “Do Democrats Really Know Who Their Friends Are?” New York Times, December 4, 2019, https://www.nytimes.com/2019/12/04/opinion/pelosi-northam-unions-democrats.html

Danny Fortson, “Is Jeff Bezos’s Amazon now the ‘evil face of capitalism’?” Times, December 8, 2019, https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/is-jeff-bezoss-amazon-now-the-evil-face-of-capitalism-3lxjs0k0n

Patrick McGreevy and Suhauna Hussain, “California demands that Amazon comply with COVID-19 investigation,” Los Angeles Times, December 14, 2020, https://www.latimes.com/california/story/2020-12-14/california-lawsuit-amazon-workplace-conditions-covid-19

Dean Baker, “This is What Minimum Wage Would Be If It Kept Pace with Productivity,” Center for Economic Policy and Research, January 21, 2020, https://cepr.net/this-is-what-minimum-wage-would-be-if-it-kept-pace-with-productivity/

Michael Sainato, “‘I’m not a robot’: Amazon workers condemn unsafe, grueling conditions at warehouse,” Guardian, February 5, 2020, https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2020/feb/05/amazon-workers-protest-unsafe-grueling-conditions-warehouse

Eric Levitz, “Coronavirus Exposes the Virulence of American Conservatism,” New York, March 23, 2020, https://nymag.com/intelligencer/2020/03/senate-gop-puts-ideology-above-workers-in-coronavirus-bill.html

Mike Snider, “Work strikes at Amazon, Instacart and Whole Foods show essential workers’ safety concerns,” USA Today, March 30, 2020, https://www.usatoday.com/story/money/business/2020/03/30/coronavirus-safety-drives-strikes-amazon-instacart-and-whole-foods/5086135002/

Jason Pohl, Ryan Sabalow, and Dale Kasler, “Medical employees say they’re getting COVID-19 on the job. Here’s why hospitals push back,” Sacramento Bee, April 2, 2020, https://www.sacbee.com/news/local/health-and-medicine/article241692061.html

Jennifer Valentino-DeVries, Denise Lu, and Gabriel J.X. Dance, “Location Data Says It All: Staying at Home During Coronavirus Is a Luxury,” New York Times, April 3, 2020, https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2020/04/03/us/coronavirus-stay-home-rich-poor.html

Karleigh Frisbie Brogan, “Calling Me a Hero Only Makes You Feel Better,” Atlantic, April 18, 2020, https://www.theatlantic.com/ideas/archive/2020/04/i-work-grocery-store-dont-call-me-hero/610147/

Kanishk Tharoor, “The Exclusivity Economy,” review of The Velvet Rope Economy: How Inequality Became Big Business by Nelson D. Schwartz, New Republic, April 21, 2020, https://newrepublic.com/article/157153/velvet-rope-economy-book-review-rich-exclusivity-hides-inequality

Martina Hund-Mejean and Marcela Escobari, “Our employment system has failed low-wage workers. How can we rebuild?” Brookings, April 28, 2020, https://www.brookings.edu/blog/up-front/2020/04/28/our-employment-system-is-failing-low-wage-workers-how-do-we-make-it-more-resilient/

Emily Stewart, “Essential workers still lack basic safety protections on the job,” Vox, May 7, 2020, https://www.vox.com/coronavirus-covid19/2020/5/7/21250387/essential-worker-ppe-amazon-walmart-employees-protection-hazard-pay

George Packer, “We Are Living in a Failed State,” Atlantic, June 2020, https://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/2020/06/underlying-conditions/610261/

Michael Sainato, “‘I cry before work’: US essential workers burned out amid pandemic,” Guardian, September 23, 2020, https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2020/sep/23/us-essential-workers-coronavirus-burnout-stress

Burgess Everett, “8 Democrats defect on $15 minimum wage hike,” Politico, March 5, 2021, https://www.politico.com/news/2021/03/05/democrats-15-minimum-wage-hike-473875

Alex Leary and Eliza Collins, “Unions Notch Win With House Passage of Bill Opposed by Uber, Lyft,” Wall Street Journal, March 10, 2021, https://www.wsj.com/articles/unions-notch-win-with-house-passage-of-bill-opposed-by-uber-lyft-11615382546

Jessa Crispin, “Amazon is a disaster for workers. Nomadland glosses over that,” Guardian, March 23, 2021, https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2021/mar/23/amazon-nomadland-film-jeff-bezos-disaster-workers

Matt Stieb, “Amazon Called Out for Denying Workers Go to Bathroom in Bottles,” New York, March 25, 2021, https://nymag.com/intelligencer/2021/03/amazon-called-out-for-denying-that-workers-pee-in-bottles.html

Ken Klippenstein, “Documents Show Amazon Is Aware Drivers Pee in Bottles and Even Defecate En Route, Despite Company Denial,” Intercept, March 25, 2021, https://theintercept.com/2021/03/25/amazon-drivers-pee-bottles-union/

Reuters, “Amazon apology to Democrat includes admission drivers urinate in bottles,” Guardian, April 3, 2021, https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2021/apr/03/amazon-apology-democrat-mark-pocan

Sarah Jones, “Amazon Defeats Union Drive in Alabama,” New York, April 9, 2021, https://nymag.com/intelligencer/2021/04/amazon-has-the-votes-to-defeat-union-effort-in-alabama.html

Eric Levitz, “5 Explanations for April’s Bad Jobs Report,” New York, May 7, 2021, https://nymag.com/intelligencer/2021/05/jobs-report-explained-ui-childcare-seasonal-adjustment.html

Heather Long, “It’s not a ‘labor shortage.’ It’s a great reassessment of work in America,” Washington Post, May 7, 2021, https://www.washingtonpost.com/business/2021/05/07/jobs-report-labor-shortage-analysis/

Jon Schwarz, “The Business Class Has Been Fearmongering About Worker Shortages for Centuries,” Intercept, May 7, 2021, https://theintercept.com/2021/05/07/worker-shortage-slavery-capitalism/

Greg Rosalsky, “Is There Really A Truck Driver Shortage?” National Public Radio, May 25, 2021, https://www.npr.org/sections/money/2021/05/25/999784202/is-there-really-a-truck-driver-shortage

Eric Levitz, “Letting the Economy Create Jobs for Everyone Is (Sadly) Radical,” New York, June 4, 2021, https://nymag.com/intelligencer/2021/06/biden-full-employment-policy-labor-shortage-inflation.html

Eli Rosenberg, “These businesses found a way around the worker shortage: Raising wages to $15 an hour or more,” Washington Post, June 10, 2021, https://www.washingtonpost.com/business/2021/06/10/worker-shortage-raising-wages/

Jodi Kantor, Karen Weise, and Grace Ashford, “The Amazon That Customers Don’t See,” New York Times, June 15, 2021, https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2021/06/15/us/amazon-workers.html

Jodi Kantor, Karen Weise and Grace Ashford, “Power and Peril: 5 Takeaways on Amazon’s Employment Machine,” New York Times, June 16, 2021, https://www.nytimes.com/2021/06/15/us/politics/amazon-warehouse-workers.html

Abha Bhattarai, “Retail workers are quitting at record rates for higher-paying work: ‘My life isn’t worth a dead-end job,’” Washington Post, June 21, 2021, https://www.washingtonpost.com/business/2021/06/21/retail-workers-quitting-jobs/

Tim De Chant, “Amazon is using algorithms with little human intervention to fire Flex workers,” Ars Technica, June 28, 2021, https://arstechnica.com/tech-policy/2021/06/amazon-is-firing-flex-workers-using-algorithms-with-little-human-intervention/

Justin Lahart, “Jobs Are Hard to Fill, and Ideology Makes It Hard to Understand Why,” Wall Street Journal, June 30, 2021, https://www.wsj.com/articles/jobs-are-hard-to-fill-and-ideology-makes-it-hard-to-understand-why-11625050801

Fiona Greig et al., “When unemployment insurance benefits are rolled back: Impacts on job finding and the recipients of the Pandemic Unemployment Assistance Program,” J.P. Morgan Chase and Company Institute, July 2021, https://www.jpmorganchase.com/content/dam/jpmc/jpmorgan-chase-and-co/institute/pdf/when-unemployment-insurance-benefits-are-rolled-back-research-brief.pdf

Jessa Crispin, “Welcome to dystopia: getting fired from your job as an Amazon worker by an app,” Guardian, July 5, 2021, https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2021/jul/05/amazon-worker-fired-app-dystopia

Jenn Ladd, “‘This is a real job’: Philly’s restaurant workers dissect the labor shortage, and contemplate a different future,” Philadelphia Inquirer, July 10, 2021, https://www.inquirer.com/news/labor-shortage-pandemic-workers-restaurants-philadelphia-hiring-20210710.html

Anna Bahney, “Minimum wage workers can’t afford rent anywhere in America,” CNN, July 15, 2021, https://www.cnn.com/2021/07/15/homes/rent-affordability-minimum-wage/index.html

Michael Sainato, “Companies claim there’s a labor shortage. Their solution? Prisoners,” Guardian, July 20, 2021, https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2021/jul/20/companies-claim-theres-a-labor-shortage-their-solution-prisoners

Alina Selyukh, “Low Pay, No Benefits, Rude Customers: Restaurant Workers Quit At Record Rate,” National Public Radio, July 20, 2021, https://www.npr.org/2021/07/20/1016081936/low-pay-no-benefits-rude-customers-restaurant-workers-quit-at-record-rate

Ariana Tobin, Ken Armstrong, and Justin Elliott, “‘We’re Not Allowed to Hang Up’: The Harsh Reality of Working in Customer Service,” ProPublica, July 21, 2021, https://www.propublica.org/article/not-allowed-to-hang-up-the-harsh-reality-of-working-in-customer-service

Gene Marks, “Rude customers are a drag – but can we small business owners do more?” Guardian, July 25, 2021, https://www.theguardian.com/business/2021/jul/25/small-business-owners-rude-customers

Ryan Deto, “A Pittsburgh Burger King closes temporarily as workers apparently walk out,” Pittsburgh City Paper, July 26, 2021, https://www.pghcitypaper.com/pittsburgh/a-pittsburgh-burger-king-closes-temporarily-as-workers-apparently-walk-out/Content?oid=19895999

Rachel Pannett, “Minimum-wage lessons for the U.S. from the other side of the world,” Washington Post, July 26, 2021, https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/asia_pacific/minimum-wage-australia-biden/2021/07/26/e681cac8-de42-11eb-a27f-8b294930e95b_story.html

Cara Sapida, “Police respond after Pittsburgh’s South Side Burger King allegedly left empty by workers,” WPXI, July 26, 2021, https://www.wpxi.com/news/top-stories/police-respond-after-south-side-burger-king-allegedly-left-empty-by-workers/ZZ262QR555FZBJWYMDHDMLRNZE/

Amara Omeokwe, “Biden Administration Moves to Tilt Pay and Power Toward Workers,” Wall Street Journal, July 27, 2021, https://www.wsj.com/articles/biden-administration-moves-to-tilt-pay-and-power-toward-workers-11627378380

Heather Long and Andrew Van Dam, “States that cut unemployment early aren’t seeing a hiring boom, but who gets hired is changing,” Washington Post, July 27, 2021, https://www.washingtonpost.com/business/2021/07/27/unemployment-insurance-go-away/

Sebastian Herrera, “Federal Labor Official Recommends Alabama Amazon Workers Hold New Vote, Union Says,” Wall Street Journal, August 2, 2021, https://www.wsj.com/articles/federal-labor-official-recommends-alabama-amazon-workers-hold-new-vote-union-says-11627947027

Bryan Mena, “Unfilled Job Openings Outnumber Unemployed Americans Seeking Work,” Wall Street Journal, August 9, 2021, https://www.wsj.com/articles/unfilled-job-openings-outnumber-unemployed-americans-seeking-work-11628531130

Matt Petras, “In the continuing pandemic, businesses need workers, but are jobs meeting the needs of residents?” Public Source, August 12, 2021, https://www.publicsource.org/pittsburgh-workforce-covid-unemployment-hiring-worker-shortage/

Anna North, “The death of the job,” Vox, August 24, 2021, https://www.vox.com/22621892/jobs-work-pandemic-covid-great-resignation-2021

Francisco Velasquez, “How much money a single person needs to earn to get by in every U.S. state,” CNBC, August 25, 2021, https://www.cnbc.com/2021/08/17/income-a-single-person-needs-to-get-by-in-every-us-state.html

Nick Timiraos, “Fed Faces New Challenge Spelling Out Employment Goals,” Wall Street Journal, August 29, 2021, https://www.wsj.com/articles/fed-faces-new-challenge-spelling-out-employment-goals-11630229402

Sarah Chaney Cambon and Danny Dougherty, “States That Cut Unemployment Benefits Saw Limited Impact on Job Growth,” Wall Street Journal, September 1, 2021, https://www.wsj.com/articles/states-that-cut-unemployment-benefits-saw-limited-impact-on-job-growth-11630488601

Heather Long, Alyssa Fowers, and Andrew Van Dam, “Why America has 8.4 million unemployed when there are 10 million job openings,” Washington Post, September 4, 2021, https://www.washingtonpost.com/business/2021/09/04/ten-million-job-openings-labor-shortage/

Joe Napsha, “Western Pa. business owners lament: Where have all the workers gone?” Pittsburgh Tribune-Review, September 5, 2021, https://triblive.com/local/regional/western-pa-businesses-owners-lament-where-have-all-the-workers-gone/

Heather Long, “‘The pay is absolute crap’: Child-care workers are quitting rapidly, a red flag for the economy,” Washington Post, September 19, 2021, https://www.washingtonpost.com/business/2021/09/19/childcare-workers-quit/

Eli Rosenberg, Abha Bhattarai, and Andrew Van Dam, “A record number of workers are quitting their jobs, empowered by new leverage,” Washington Post, October 12, 2021, https://www.washingtonpost.com/business/2021/10/12/jolts-workers-quitting-august-pandemic/

Derek Thompson, “The Great Resignation Is Accelerating,” Atlantic, October 15, 2021, https://www.theatlantic.com/ideas/archive/2021/10/great-resignation-accelerating/620382/

Dominick Reuter, “A worker in Florida applied to 60 entry-level jobs in September and got one interview,” Business Insider, October 19, 2021, https://www.businessinsider.com/worker-applied-to-60-jobs-got-one-interview-labor-shortage-2021-10

Jamison Hixenbaugh, “Gov. Wolf to Impose Higher Wages, Sick Pay Requirements for Workers,” Erie News Now, October 22, 2021, https://www.erienewsnow.com/story/45028810/gov-wolf-to-impose-higher-wages-sick-pay-requirements-for-workers

Holly Harrar, “Gov. Wolf signs new order to protect workers, raise minimum wage,” WFMZ, October 24, 2021, https://www.wfmz.com/news/area/pennsylvania/gov-wolf-signs-new-order-to-protect-workers-raise-minimum-wage/article_bfd7ca56-34ca-11ec-b610-d3b548c20d8d.html

Heather Long and Eli Rosenberg, “Why millions of job seekers aren’t getting hired in this hot job market,” Washington Post, November 8, 2021, https://www.washingtonpost.com/business/2021/11/08/job-search-not-getting-hired/

Andrew Mollica and Sarah Chaney Cambon, “Where U.S. Workers Are Quitting Jobs at Record Rates,” Wall Street Journal, November 25, 2021, https://www.wsj.com/articles/where-u-s-workers-are-quitting-jobs-at-record-rates-11637836201

Jay Greene, “Labor board calls for revote at Amazon warehouse in Alabama in major victory for union,” Washington Post, November 29, 2021, https://www.washingtonpost.com/technology/2021/11/29/amazon-warehouse-union-revote/

Judd Legum, “Want to be a criminal in America? Stealing billions is your best bet to go scot-free,” Guardian, December 7, 2021, https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2021/dec/07/want-to-be-a-criminal-in-america-stealing-billions-is-your-best-bet-to-go-scot-free

Heather Haddon, “Starbucks Workers at Buffalo-Area Store Vote in Favor of Unionizing,” Wall Street Journal, December 9, 2021, https://www.wsj.com/articles/votes-to-be-counted-in-starbucks-union-drive-11639071187

Anneken Tappe and Allison Morrow, “Three key numbers that explain America’s labor shortage,” CNN, December 25, 2021, https://www.cnn.com/2021/12/25/economy/labor-shortage-early-retirement-charts/index.html

Anneken Tappe, “America runs on bad jobs,” CNN, December 29, 2021, https://www.cnn.com/2021/12/29/economy/us-economy-bad-jobs/index.html

Katie Bach, “Is ‘long Covid’ worsening the labor shortage?” Brookings, January 11, 2022, https://www.brookings.edu/research/is-long-covid-worsening-the-labor-shortage/

Harriet Torry, “Omicron Wave Drives Surge of Workers Calling In Sick, Working Through Illness,” Wall Street Journal, January 23, 2022, https://www.wsj.com/articles/omicron-wave-drives-surge-of-workers-calling-in-sick-working-through-illness-11642933802

Michael Toscano, “Workism Isn’t Working,” First Things, February 2022, https://www.firstthings.com/article/2022/02/workism-isnt-working

David Dayen and Rakeen Mabud, “How We Broke the Supply Chain,” American Prospect, January 31, 2022, https://prospect.org/economy/how-we-broke-the-supply-chain-intro/

Anneken Tappe, “A record number of Americans quit their jobs in 2021,” CNN, February 1, 2022, https://www.cnn.com/2022/02/01/economy/us-job-openings-quite-december/index.html

Esther Eriksson von Allmen, “Medical Emergency,” American Prospect, February 1, 2022, https://prospect.org/health/medical-emergency-supply-chain/

Robert Kuttner, “China: Epicenter of the Supply Chain Crisis,” American Prospect, February 1, 2022, https://prospect.org/economy/china-epicenter-of-the-supply-chain-crisis/

Amir Khafagy, “The Hidden Costs of Containerization,” American Prospect, February 2, 2022, https://prospect.org/economy/hidden-costs-of-containerization/

Ella Fanger, “Labor Fight Brews on the Docks,” American Prospect, February 3, 2022, https://prospect.org/labor/labor-fight-brews-on-the-docks/

Alexander Sammon, “We Were Warned About the Ports,” American Prospect, February 3, 2022, https://prospect.org/economy/we-were-warned-about-the-ports/

Matthew Jinoo Buck, “How America’s Supply Chains Got Railroaded,” American Prospect, February 4, 2022, https://prospect.org/economy/how-americas-supply-chains-got-railroaded/

Steven Greenhouse, “Amazon chews through the average worker in eight months. They need a union,” Guardian, February 4, 2022, https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2022/feb/04/amazon-chews-through-the-average-worker-in-eight-months-they-need-a-union

Abha Bhattarai, “Despite omicron surge, businesses desperate to find and keep workers,” Washington Post, February 5, 2022, https://www.washingtonpost.com/business/2022/02/05/economy-jobs-omicron-new-normal/

Lisa Bannon, “The New Post-60 Career Paths,” Wall Street Journal, February 6, 2022, https://www.wsj.com/articles/the-new-post-60-career-paths-11644166740

Harold Meyerson, “Why Trucking Can’t Deliver the Goods,” American Prospect, February 7, 2022, https://prospect.org/economy/why-trucking-cant-deliver-the-goods/

Gabrielle Gurley, “The Warehouse Space Race,” American Prospect, February 8, 2022, https://prospect.org/economy/warehouse-space-race/

Jamison Hixenbaugh, “Gov. Wolf Continues Push for Minimum Wage Increase in Pennsylvania,” Erie News Now, February 11, 2022, https://www.erienewsnow.com/story/45860226/gov-wolf-continues-push-for-minimum-wage-increase-in-pennsylvania

Justin Lahart, “There Will Never Be Enough Workers,” Wall Street Journal, March 9, 2022, https://www.wsj.com/articles/there-will-never-be-enough-workers-11646848256

Helaine Olen, “How to solve the worker shortage? Improve pay and other conditions,” Washington Post, March 10, 2022, https://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/2022/03/10/worker-shortage-familiar-story-low-pay-poor-conditions/

Dean Baker, “Correction: The $23 an Hour Minimum Wage,” Center for Economic Policy and Research, March 16, 2022, https://cepr.net/the-26-an-hour-minimum-wage/

Gene Marks, “Turns out the Great Resignation may be followed by the Great Regret,” Guardian, March 20, 2022, https://www.theguardian.com/business/2022/mar/20/great-resignation-great-regret-employees-quitting

Brian Callaci, “Amazon Warehouses Are Relentless, Dangerous Workplaces—but It’s Hard to Punish Them for It, Thanks to Bill Clinton,” New Republic, March 25, 2022, https://newrepublic.com/article/165842/amazon-warehouse-washington-ergonomics-regulation-osha-clinton

Rachel Lerman et al., “Amazon workers vote to join a union in New York in historic move,” Washington Post, April 1, 2022, https://www.washingtonpost.com/technology/2022/04/01/amazon-union-staten-island/

Timothy Noah, “Yes, Wages Did Go Up. But Now We’re Back to the Crap-Job Economy,” New Republic, April 27, 2022, https://newrepublic.com/article/166218/covid-wages-up-return-crap-job-economy

Max Haiven, Graeme Webb, and Xenia Benivolski, “Is Amazon the Borg? We Asked Their Workers,” Los Angeles Review of Books, May 7, 2022, https://lareviewofbooks.org/article/is-amazon-the-borg-we-asked-their-workers/

Emma Ockerman, “Fed official says he doesn’t buy the ‘Great Resignation’ — suggests employers play up labor shortage to avoid paying higher wages,” MarketWatch, May 10, 2022, https://www.marketwatch.com/story/fed-official-doesnt-really-buy-the-great-resignation-suggests-businesses-play-up-worker-shortages-to-avoid-paying-higher-wages-11652117795

Rani Molla, “Tell your boss: Working from home is making you more productive,” Vox, May 30, 2022, https://www.vox.com/recode/23129752/work-from-home-productivity

Sarah Anderson and Sam Pizzigati, “Executive Excess 2022,” Institute for Policy Studies, June 2022, https://ips-dc.org/report-executive-excess-2022/

Hope King, “Musk’s WFH warning amplifies threat level for workers,” Axios, June 1, 2022, https://www.axios.com/2022/06/01/musks-wfh-warning-amplifies-threat-level-for-workers

Javier E. David, “Remote work may not be working any more,” Axios, June 5, 2022, https://www.axios.com/2022/06/05/work-from-home-elon-musk-remote-office-meetings

Vivian Giang, “The Office Monsters Are Trying to Claw Their Way Back to 2019,” New York Times, June 5, 2022, https://www.nytimes.com/2022/06/04/business/dealbook/companies-return-to-office.html

Andrea Hsu, “The idea of working in the office, all day, every day? No thanks, say workers,” National Public Radio, June 5, 2022, https://www.npr.org/2022/06/05/1102744672/remote-work-from-home-return-to-office-covid-pandemic-workers-apple-google

Dominic Rushe, “Wage gap between CEOs and US workers jumped to 670-to-1 last year, study finds,” Guardian, June 7, 2022, https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2022/jun/07/us-wage-gap-ceos-workers-institute-for-policy-studies-report

Jim Martin, “Erie job market earns low marks in national study; how concerned should we be?” Erie Times-News, June 8, 2022, https://www.goerie.com/story/business/2022/06/09/erie-investments-have-topped-600-million-has-it-made-a-difference/65357595007/

Jan-Werner Müller, “Out with the old: is neoliberalism really dying?” review of The Rise and Fall of the Neoliberal Order: America and the World in the Free Market Era, by Gary Gerstle, New Statesman, June 17, 2022, https://www.newstatesman.com/ideas/2022/06/is-neoliberalism-really-dying

Jason Del Rey, “Leaked Amazon memo warns the company is running out of people to hire,” Vox, June 17, 2022, https://www.vox.com/recode/23170900/leaked-amazon-memo-warehouses-hiring-shortage

Katherine Bindley and Angela Yang, “More Companies Start to Rescind Job Offers,” Wall Street Journal, June 22, 2022, https://www.wsj.com/articles/more-companies-start-to-rescind-job-offers-11655865283

Breanne Fahs, “Nine Ways That Capitalism Is Ruining Sex,” Boston Review, August 5, 2022, https://bostonreview.net/articles/nine-ways-that-capitalism-is-ruining-sex/

Lindsay Ellis and Angela Yang, “If Your Co-Workers Are ‘Quiet Quitting,’ Here’s What That Means,” Wall Street Journal, August 12, 2022, https://www.wsj.com/articles/if-your-gen-z-co-workers-are-quiet-quitting-heres-what-that-means-11660260608

Tim Biggs, “Why robot workers can’t fill the labour gap,” Age, August 15, 2022, https://www.theage.com.au/technology/why-robot-workers-can-t-fill-the-labour-gap-20220812-p5b9f8.html

Lauren Kaori Gurley, “Record hot labor market has Minnesota scrambling for workers,” Washington Post, September 4, 2022, https://www.washingtonpost.com/business/2022/09/04/minnesota-jobs-unemployment-rate/

William Horobin and Carolynn Look, “Lagarde Says ECB ‘Absolutely’ Must Avoid Second-Round Effects,” Bloomberg, September 16, 2022, https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2022-09-16/lagarde-says-ecb-absolutely-must-avoid-second-round-effects

Sarah Hansen, “Why a Strong Jobs Report Is Actually Bad News for Investors,” Sacramento Bee, October 6, 2022, https://www.miamiherald.com/money/what-september-jobs-means-for-stocks/

Greg Jaffe, “Howard Schultz’s fight to stop a Starbucks barista uprising,” Washington Post, October 8, 2022, https://www.washingtonpost.com/business/2022/10/08/starbucks-union-ceo-howard-schultz/

Katy Stech Ferek, “Congressional Leaders Commit to Quickly Pass Legislation to Avert Rail Strike,” Wall Street Journal, November 29, 2022, https://www.wsj.com/articles/congressional-leaders-commit-to-quickly-pass-legislation-to-avert-rail-strike-11669744002

Catherine Rampell, “Where are the workers, really?” Washington Post, December 2, 2022, https://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/2022/12/02/jobs-report-labor-participation-low-missing-workers/

Prarthana Prakash, “Men are dropping out of the labor force because they’re upset about their social status, according to a new study,” Fortune, December 7, 2022, https://fortune.com/2022/12/07/men-dropping-out-work-force-status-study/

Ruth Simon, “Small Businesses Find Some Relief From Hiring Woes,” Wall Street Journal, December 30, 2022, https://www.wsj.com/articles/small-businesses-find-some-relief-from-hiring-woes-11672363472

Imani Moise, “Laid-Off Workers Are Flooded With Fake Job Offers,” Wall Street Journal, January 12, 2023, https://www.wsj.com/articles/laid-off-workers-are-flooded-with-fake-job-offers-11673387875

Robert Reich, “There is no US labor shortage. That’s a myth,” Guardian, January 15, 2023, https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2023/jan/15/there-is-no-us-labor-shortage-thats-a-myth

Darcy Jimenez, “US Cities Where Minimum Wage Goes The Furthest, Visualized,” Digg, January 17, 2023, https://digg.com/finance/link/minimum-wage-us-cities-visualized-4GpKmRQhZa

Patrick Villanova, “Cities Where Minimum Wage Goes Furthest – 2023 Edition,” SmartAsset, January 18, 2023, https://smartasset.com/data-studies/cities-with-the-highest-and-lowest-real-minimum-wage-2023

Cory Doctorow, “Why the Fed wants to crush workers,” Medium, January 19, 2023, https://doctorow.medium.com/why-the-fed-wants-to-crush-workers-ff086f3b952a

Jon Schwarz, “In Confidential Memo, Treasury Secretary Janet Yellen Celebrated Unemployment as a ‘Worker-Discipline Device,’” Intercept, January 24, 2023, https://theintercept.com/2023/01/24/unemployment-inflation-janet-yellen/

Justin Lahart, “Don’t Blame Covid for the Worker Shortage,” Wall Street Journal, January 27, 2023, https://www.wsj.com/articles/labor-participation-factors-economy-11674780877

Bernard Marr, “The Real Reasons For Big Tech Layoffs At Google, Microsoft, Meta, And Amazon,” Forbes, January 30, 2023, https://www.forbes.com/sites/bernardmarr/2023/01/30/the-real-reasons-for-big-tech-layoffs-at-google-microsoft-meta-and-amazon/

Brian Merchant, “The real aim of big tech’s layoffs: bringing workers to heel,” Los Angeles Times, January 30, 2023, https://www.latimes.com/business/technology/story/2023-01-30/column-how-big-tech-is-using-mass-layoffs-to-bring-workers-to-heel

Grace Dean, “A tech CEO apologized for quoting Martin Luther King Jr. when announcing layoffs, calling it ‘inappropriate and insensitive,’” Business Insider, February 1, 2023, https://www.businessinsider.com/tech-layoffs-pagerduty-ceo-apologizes-martin-luther-king-jr-quote-2023-2

Abha Bhattarai and Maggie Penman, “Restaurants can’t find workers because they’ve found better jobs,” Washington Post, February 3, 2023, https://www.washingtonpost.com/business/2023/02/03/worker-shortage-restaurants-hotels-economy/

Justin Lahart, “Giving Labor Less of the American Pie,” Wall Street Journal, February 7, 2023, https://www.wsj.com/articles/giving-labor-less-of-the-american-pie-11675792087

Nick Timiraos, “Fed’s Jerome Powell Braces for Longer Inflation Fight Amid Hiring Surge,” Wall Street Journal, February 7, 2023, https://www.wsj.com/articles/feds-jerome-powell-to-address-economic-outlook-with-hiring-surge-in-spotlight-11675781503

Jane Thier, “Overemployment is here: Nearly half of workers have more than one full-time job,” Fortune, February 13, 2023, https://fortune.com/2023/02/13/overemployed-workers-juggling-full-time-jobs/

Travis Bland, “NC Strip Club Says Models Can’t Deny It Info On Photos,” Law360, February 22, 2023, https://www.law360.com/consumerprotection/articles/1578843

Spencer Jakab, “Lousy Tippers Are Just Misunderstood,” Wall Street Journal, February 22, 2023, https://www.wsj.com/articles/lousy-tippers-are-just-misunderstood-63094163

Daniel de Visé, “Twenty high-paying jobs that don’t require a college degree,” Hill, February 22, 2023, https://thehill.com/business/3863716-twenty-high-paying-jobs-that-dont-require-a-college-degree/

Tim Ryan, “Judge Drops Nationwide Injunction Against Starbucks,” Law360, February 23, 2023, https://www.law360.com/employment/articles/1579417

Grace Elletson, “Bulk Of Ex-Whole Foods Worker’s ADA Suit Moves Ahead,” Law360, February 24, 2023, https://www.law360.com/employment/articles/1579839

Amber Burton and Paolo Confino, “Employers are taking the easy way out and cutting employees through ‘backdoor layoffs,’” Fortune, February 28, 2023, https://fortune.com/2023/02/28/job-cuts-backdoor-layoffs-quitting/

Jacob Bogage, “Starbucks committed ‘egregious’ violations in battling union, judge rules,” Washington Post, March 1, 2023, https://www.washingtonpost.com/business/2023/03/01/starbucks-union-ruling-buffalo/

Gerrit De Vynck, Caroline O’Donovan, and Naomi Nix, “The age of the Silicon Valley ‘moonshot’ is over,” Washington Post, March 2, 2023, https://www.washingtonpost.com/technology/2023/03/02/big-tech-moonshots-google-meta-amazon/

Annie Lowrey, “Low-Wage Jobs Are Becoming Middle-Class Jobs,” Atlantic, March 4, 2023, https://www.theatlantic.com/ideas/archive/2023/03/wage-growth-income-inequality-labor-market/673277/

Ryan Deto, “UPMC nurse lost job for speaking publicly about staffing shortages, labor complaint says,” Pittsburgh Tribune-Review, March 10, 2023, https://triblive.com/local/regional/upmc-nurse-lost-job-for-speaking-publicly-about-staffing-shortages-labor-complaint-says/

Te-Ping Chen, “Job Listings Abound, but Many Are Fake,” Wall Street Journal, March 20, 2023, https://www.wsj.com/articles/that-plum-job-listing-may-just-be-a-ghost-3aafc794

Hamza Shaban, Luis Melgar, and Leslie Shapiro, “Deeply, truly, very sorry: How tech CEOs talk when they lay off workers,” Washington Post, March 21, 2023, https://www.washingtonpost.com/business/interactive/2023/tech-layoffs-company-memos/

Nick Bilton, “Big Tech Companies Are Testing How Far They Can Slash Staff,” Vanity Fair, March 29, 2023, https://www.vanityfair.com/news/2023/03/big-tech-layoffs-2023-twitter-meta-amazon-google

Justin Lahart, “Still Desperately Seeking Workers,” Wall Street Journal, March 30, 2023, https://www.wsj.com/articles/still-desperately-seeking-workers-92126ddf

Callum Borchers, “Bosses Want Hard Workers—So They’re Hiring Older People,” Wall Street Journal, April 6, 2023, https://www.wsj.com/articles/do-older-workers-work-harder-some-bosses-think-so-c4088c7d

Preetika Rana, Lauren Thomas, and Emily Glazer, “Lyft to Cut at Least 1,200 Jobs in New Round of Layoffs to Reduce Costs,” Wall Street Journal, April 21, 2023, https://www.wsj.com/articles/lyft-to-cut-at-least-1-200-jobs-in-new-round-of-layoffs-to-reduce-costs-da423e53

Justin Lahart, “Help Still Wanted: Fewer Job Openings Won’t Faze the Fed,” Wall Street Journal, May 2, 2023, https://www.wsj.com/articles/help-still-wanted-fewer-job-openings-wont-faze-the-fed-6afb3424

Lizzy McLellan Ravitch, “A tight job market dangled opportunity. Instead, workers found burnout and uncertainty,” Philadelphia Inquirer, May 29, 2023, https://www.inquirer.com/jobs/labor/labor-market-burnout-wages-philadelphia-federal-reserve-20230529.html

Marjorie Cohn, “Supreme Court Slashed Legal Protections for Striking. Only Jackson Dissented,” Truthout, June 5, 2023, https://truthout.org/articles/supreme-court-slashed-legal-protections-for-striking-only-jackson-dissented/

Gabriel T. Rubin and Christine Mai-Duc, “West Coast States Rode the Tech Boom. Now They Face Higher Unemployment, Falling Wages,” Wall Street Journal, June 5, 2023, https://www.wsj.com/articles/west-coast-states-rode-the-tech-boom-now-they-face-higher-unemployment-falling-wages-83318105

Timothy Noah, “The Real Reasons Why Workers Are Producing Less,” New Republic, June 6, 2023, https://newrepublic.com/article/173230/real-reasons-workers-producing-less

Lizzy McLellan Ravitch, “Workers again ponder whether their jobs are essential, as poor air quality poses risk to outdoor employees,” Philadelphia Inquirer, June 8, 2023, https://www.inquirer.com/news/outdoor-work-risks-smoke-air-quality-philadelphia-20230608.html

Beth Saunders, “The US has a child labor problem – recalling an embarrassing past that Americans may think they’ve left behind,” Conversation, June 9, 2023, https://theconversation.com/the-us-has-a-child-labor-problem-recalling-an-embarrassing-past-that-americans-may-think-theyve-left-behind-204078

Gillian Harvey, “The ‘work hard and you’ll get a good job’ mantra is no longer true – so what do I tell my kids?” Guardian, June 12, 2023, https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2023/jun/12/work-hard-good-job-kids-young-people-future

Steve Bohnel, “Fitzgerald vetoes minimum wage hike bill, saying it violates county charter,” Pittsburgh Post-Gazette, June 14, 2023, https://www.post-gazette.com/news/politics-local/2023/06/13/fitzgerald-vetoes-minimum-wage-hike-bill-stating-it-violates-county-charter/stories/202306130122

Oona Goodin-Smith, “Starbucks ordered to pay $25.6M to manager who says she was fired for being white after viral Philly arrests,” Philadelphia Inquirer, June 14, 2023, https://www.inquirer.com/news/philadelphia/starbucks-philadelphia-manager-white-verdict-philadelphia-black-men-arrests-20230614.html

Eric Levitz, “Larry Summers Was Wrong About Inflation,” New York, June 14, 2023, https://nymag.com/intelligencer/2023/06/larry-summers-was-wrong-about-inflation.html

Kate Aronoff, “The Teamsters’ Strike Has Already Claimed a Climate Win,” New Republic, June 16, 2023, https://newrepublic.com/post/173746/teamsters-strike-already-claimed-climate-win

Lora Kelley, “Why It Matters Who Caused Inflation,” Atlantic, June 16, 2023, https://www.theatlantic.com/newsletters/archive/2023/06/why-it-matters-who-caused-inflation/674448/

Greg Jaffe, “Lexi Rizzo fought to unionize her Starbucks. Now she’s out of a job. Her struggle is just beginning,” Washington Post, June 17, 2023, https://www.washingtonpost.com/business/interactive/2023/starbucks-union-fired-worker/

Madhumita Murgia and Anjli Raval, “AI in recruitment: the death knell of the CV?” Financial Times, June 18, 2023, https://www.ft.com/content/98e5f47a-7d0d-4e63-9a63-ff36d62782b8

Emma Goldberg, “Return to Office Enters the Desperation Phase,” New York Times, June 20, 2023, https://www.nytimes.com/2023/06/20/business/return-to-office-remote-work.html

Gillian McGoldrick, “Pa. House votes to raise state minimum wage to $15 an hour by 2026,” Philadelphia Inquirer, June 20, 2023, https://www.inquirer.com/politics/pennsylvania/pennsylvania-house-passes-bill-raising-minimum-wage-20230620.html

Ryan Deto, “Allegheny County Council overrides Fitzgerald veto, enacts county-worker minimum wage,” Pittsburgh Tribune-Review, June 20, 2023, https://triblive.com/local/allegheny-county-council-overrides-fitzgerald-veto-enacts-county-worker-minimum-wage/

Charlie Wolfson, “Allegheny County Executive Fitzgerald sues to nix pay floor for county workers,” Public Source, June 28, 2023, https://www.publicsource.org/allegheny-county-council-overrides-fitzgerald-veto-minimum-wage/

Sarah Chaney Cambon, “Wage Gains, Low Unemployment Keep Pressure on Fed; Hiring Cooled in June,” Wall Street Journal, July 7, 2023, https://www.wsj.com/articles/june-jobs-report-unemployment-rate-economy-growth-2023-af4d6547

Abha Bhattarai, “Businesses are cutting workers’ hours in a warning sign for the economy,” Washington Post, July 11, 2023, https://www.washingtonpost.com/business/2023/07/11/part-time-jobs-economy/

Tim Henderson, “Despite pandemic pay boost, low-wage workers still can’t afford basic needs,” Pennsylvania Capital-Star, July 11, 2023, https://www.penncapital-star.com/government-politics/despite-pandemic-pay-boost-low-wage-workers-still-cant-afford-basic-needs/

Beth Pinsker, “150 million jobs will shift to older workers by 2031,” MarketWatch, July 17, 2023, https://www.marketwatch.com/story/150-million-jobs-will-shift-to-older-workers-by-2031-aa025ec4

Danielle Abril, “Job applicants are battling AI résumé filters with a hack,” Washington Post, July 24, 2023, https://www.washingtonpost.com/technology/2023/07/24/white-font-resume-tip-keywords/

Jack Shenker, “‘To them, we are like robots. The things that make us human are ground out of you’: the inside story of a strike at Amazon,” Guardian, July 29, 2023, https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2023/jul/29/to-them-we-are-like-robots-inside-story-of-a-strike-at-amazon

Michael Sainato, “Big business lobbies against heat protections for workers as US boils,” Guardian, July 31, 2023, https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2023/jul/31/heat-protections-workers-big-business-lobbies?CMP=GTUS_email

Harriet Torry, “Where to Find a $4-an-Hour Math Tutor With a Ph.D.? Overseas,” Wall Street Journal, August 6, 2023, https://www.wsj.com/articles/where-to-find-a-4-an-hour-math-tutor-with-a-ph-d-overseas-b5d9afce

Alexandra Martinez, “Workers continue to call for a boycott a year after Amy’s Kitchen closed a major factory,” Prism, August 15, 2023, https://prismreports.org/2023/08/15/amys-kitchen-workers-boycott-one-year/

Jack Kelly, “White-Collar Workers Face Hyperspecialization, Fewer Job Openings And Threats To Their Job Security,” Forbes, August 16, 2023, https://www.forbes.com/sites/jackkelly/2023/08/16/white-collar-workers-face-hyperspecialization-fewer-job-openings-and-threats-to-their-job-security/

Chris Isidore, “Teamster members ratify deal at UPS, putting strike threat to rest,” CNN, August 23, 2023, https://www.cnn.com/2023/08/22/business/ups-strike-vote-teamsters-union/index.html

Joe Napsha, “Pittsburgh area jobless rate hits record low, but workforce levels remain down,” Pittsburgh Tribune-Review, August 29, 2023, https://triblive.com/local/regional/pittsburgh-area-jobless-rate-hits-record-low-but-workforce-levels-remain-down/

Cassie Miller, “Pennsylvania sees ‘dramatic increase’ in reports of child labor law violations,” Pennsylvania Capital-Star, September 5, 2023, https://www.penncapital-star.com/blog/pennsylvania-sees-dramatic-increase-in-reports-of-child-labor-law-violations/

Kate Aronoff, “Electric Vehicles Have Become a Weapon in the War on Autoworkers,” New Republic, September 13, 2023, https://newrepublic.com/article/175507/uaw-electric-vehicles-strike-workers